INTRODUCTION

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide federation of national governmental organizations op for Standardization (ISO member bodies). Development of International Standards is normally carried out through ISO. Each member body interested in, which was created by a technical committee has the right to be represented on that committee. Between national government and nongovernmental organizations, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the works. As for Electrotechnical Standardization, ISO is working closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

International Standards are prepared in accordance with the rules contained in Directives tivah ISO / IEC, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Projects between international standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the members voting.

It should be noted that some elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any such patent rights individually or collectively.

International Standard ISO 14001 was prepared by the Subcommittee SC 1, "Environmental Management Systems' Technical Committee ISO / TC 207" Environmental Management ".

This second edition cancels and replaces the technically revised the first edition (ISO 14001:1996).

INTRODUCTION

A variety of organizations are more concerned about how a control impacts, which have their rye activities, products or services on the environment, and in accordance with its environmental policy and environmental targets, to achieve good environmental performance and demonstrate it. Organizations involved in this in terms of all the tightened legislation, development of economic policy and other measures aimed at protecting the environment, as well as in the general growth of concern to stakeholders issues surrounded the environment and sustainable development.

Many organizations have conducted an environmental "analysis" or "audit" to assess its environmental ef ciency. However, by themselves, these "tests" and "audits" may not be sufficient to ensure that the organization would provide assurance that its performance not only meets, but also in the sequel will satisfy the requirements imposed by law and its own policies. To be effective, these "tests" and "audits" should be conducted within a structured management system, implemented in the organization.

циям в деле достижения экологических и экономических целей. International standards that apply to environmental management, are intended to ensure organizations baking elements of an effective environmental management system (EMS), which can Guth combined with other requirements of the field of management in order to assist organizations in achieving tsiyam environmental and economic goals. These standards, as well as other international standards, are not intended to be used to create non-tariff barriers to trade or to increase or change the organization's liabilities imposed upon it by law.

This International Standard specifies requirements for environmental management system, allowing any organization to develop and implement policies and targets, taking into account legislative requirements and information about significant environmental aspects. The standard is designed so that it can be applied to organizations of any size and type, taking into account that different geographical, cultural and social conditions. The model of this approach is shown in Fig. 1. The success of the system depends on the commitments entered into at all levels and divisions of the organization, and particularly its senior management. This kind of system allows the organization to develop its environmental policy, to set environmental targets and implement processes raw to ensure fulfillment of obligations under the policy, to take the necessary steps to improve its environmental performance and demonstrate compliance with its system requirements of this International Standard. The overall objective of this International Standard is to support measures to protect the environment and contribute to the prevention of pollution, while maintaining balance with socio-economic needs. It should be noted that many of the requirements can be viewed simultaneously, but they can be re-apply individually to reconsideration at any time.

The second edition of this International Standard focuses on explaining the first edition and proper consideration of the provisions of the standard ISO 9001 in order to improve the compatibility of these two standards for the convenience of users.

For ease of use items in Article 4 of the main part of this International Standard and the items "Schedule A" are related to the numbering. For example, in both paragraphs 4.3.3 and A.3.3 we are talking about trust and planning and environmental performance of the program (s), and paragraphs 4.5.5 and A.5.5 for the internal audit. In addition, in the "Appendix B" is set in the general correspondence between the points the technical sense of ISO 14001:2004 and ISO 9001:2000 and vice versa.

There is an important difference between this International Standard that specifies requirements for environmental management system and organization can be used for certification / registration exists a system and / or self-application of the organization about it, and not involved in the certification guidelines, which are intended to provide general assistance in organization development, introduction or improvement of SRI environmental management system. Environmental management encompasses a range of issues, including questions of strategy and competitiveness. Demonstration of successful implementation of this International Standard can be used by the organization to ensure that interested parties have established the presence of her proper environmental management system.

In Fig. 1. Model environmental management system in accordance with this standard

This International Standard contains only those requirements that can be subjected to the audit objective. Organizations that require more general guidance on a broad range of issues someone on the environmental management system, refer to the ISO 14004 standard Dart.

законодательным и другим принятым организацией требованиям, предотвращать загрязнение и постоянно улучшать систему. This International Standard does not establish absolute requirements for environmental of efficiency than those contained in the stated policy commitments comply with applicable legal requirements and other requirements adopted by the Organization, to prevent pollution and continually improve the system. Thus, the two organizations engaged in similar activities, but showing a different eco-efficiency, the two can meet the requirements of this standard dart.